SOURCE

const result = [];
$('#btn').click(function(){
$('.table').find('tr').not(":eq(0)").each(function () {
    const data = {};
    let tdArr = $(this).children();
    data['first'] = tdArr.eq(1).find("input[type='text']").val()
    data['second'] = tdArr.eq(2).text()
    data['handle'] = tdArr.eq(3).text()
    result.push(data)
})
console.log(result)
})

<table class="table">
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th scope="col">#</th>
			<th scope="col">First</th>
			<th scope="col">Last</th>
			<th scope="col">Handle</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<th scope="row">1</th>
			<td><input type="text"/></td>
			<td>Otto</td>
			<td>@mdo</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<th scope="row">2</th>
			<td><input type="text"/></td>
			<td>Thornton</td>
			<td>@fat</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<th scope="row">3</th>
			<td><input type="text"/></td>
			<td>the Bird</td>
			<td>@twitter</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>
<button id='btn'>点击</button>
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js">
</script>