SOURCE

let data = [{
    a:1,
    modules:[
       {b:2}
    ]
},
{
    a:3,
    modules:[
       {b:4}
    ]
},
]



let ids = [{target:{a:1},source:"modules"},{target:{b:2},source:null}]
function reduceFind( data,ids,index=0){
    let key = Object.keys(ids[index].target)
    let obj = data.find(v=>  v[key] ===ids[index].target[key])
    if(!obj) return null
    if(!ids[index].source) return obj;
    obj = obj[ids[index].source]
    index++
    return reduceFind(obj,ids,index)
}

console.log(reduceFind(data,ids))