SOURCE

const layers = [
  new ol.layer.Tile({
    source: new ol.source.TileWMS({
      url: 'http://192.168.3.160:8099/geoserver/hunan/wms',
      params: {'VERSION': '1.3.0','LAYERS': 'hunan:real_time_ais', 'TILED': true},
      serverType: 'geoserver',
    }),
  })
];
const map = new ol.Map({
  layers: layers,
  target: 'map',
  view: new ol.View({
      projection:'EPSG:4326',
      center: [110.38256803138479,30.265810235555573],
      zoom: 5,
  }),
});
setTimeout(function(){
    layers[0].setExtent([110.38256803138479,30.265810235555573,114.38256803138479,34.265810235555573]); 
},5000)

setTimeout(function(){
    layers[0].setExtent(undefined); 
},10000)

<div id="map" class="map"></div>

.map {
    width: 780px;
    height: 550px;
}