SOURCE

let data = [
  {
    "id": 1,
    "label": "菜单1",
    "children": [
      {
        "id": 2,
        "label": "菜单1-1",
        "children": [
          {
            "id": 3,
            "label": "菜单1-1-1",
          },
          {
            "id": 4,
            "label": "菜单1-1-2",
          }
        ],
      },
      {
        "id": 5,
        "label": "菜单1-2",
        "children": [
          {
            "id": 6,        //根据这个id，查找它的所有上级
            "label": "菜单1-2-1", 
          },
          {
            "id": 7, 
            "label": "菜单1-2-2", 
          },
        ],
      },
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": 11,
    "label": "菜单2",
    "children": [
      {
        "id": 8,
        "label": "菜单2-1",
        "children": [
          {
            "id": 9,
            "label": "菜单2-1-1",
          },
          {
            "id": 10,
            "label": "菜单2-1-2",
          }
        ],
      },
    ]
  }
]


//data：要遍历的数据， target：查找目标， result用于装查找结果的数组
function findParent(data, target, result) {
  for (let item of data) {
      console.log(2222)
    if (item.id === target.id) {
      //将查找到的目标数据加入结果数组中
      //可根据需求unshift(item.id)或unshift(item)
      result.unshift(item.label)
      return true
    }
    if (item.children && item.children.length > 0) {
      //根据查找到的结果往上找父级节点
      let isFind = findParent(item.children, target, result)
      console.log(11111)
      if (isFind) {//符合条件的push父节点
        result.unshift(item.label)
        return true
      }
    }
  }
  //走到这说明没找到目标
  return false
}

let target = { "id": 6, "label": "菜单1-2-1" }
let result = []
findParent(data, target, result)  
console.log(result) // ['菜单1', '菜单1-2', '菜单1-2-1']