SOURCE

// ActiveXObject 只适用于 IE浏览器
function toDesktop() {
    // var e = getDomainName();//路径
    var e = window.location.href
    try {
        var n = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell"),
        t = n.CreateShortcut(n.SpecialFolders("Desktop") + "\\测试.url");
        t.TargetPath = e,
        t.Save()
    } catch(i) {
        alert("快捷方式创建失败，浏览器不支持！")
    }
}

// 调后端接口 java 实现
function CreateShortcut() {
    var shortcutUrl= "http://localhost:8080/jd/";
    var url = "http://localhost:8080/jd/computer/CreateShortcut.do?shortcutUrl=" + shortcutUrl;
    $.get(url, function(data){
        if(data!=null){
            alert("添加桌面快捷方式成功！");
        }else{
            alert("添加桌面快捷方式失败！"); 
        }
    }, "text");
}

// ActiveXObject 只适用于 IE浏览器
function toDesktopOne(sUrl, sName) {
    console.log(sUrl, sName)
    try {
        var WshShell = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell");
        var oUrlLink = WshShell.CreateShortcut(WshShell.SpecialFolders("Desktop") + "\\" + sName + ".url");
        oUrlLink.TargetPath = sUrl;
        oUrlLink.Save();
    } catch (e) {
        alert("当前IE安全级别不允许操作！");
    }
}

<div id="app">
  <button onclick="toDesktop()">IE浏览器 点击</button>
  <button onclick="CreateShortcut()">添加桌面快捷方式</button>
  <button onclick="toDesktopOne('https://www.baidu.com/', '百度网页测试')">添加桌面快捷方式 333</button>
</div>